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Christmas Island (2006)
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| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2006 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA |
| Airports | 1 (2006) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006) |
| Area | total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. |
| Birth rate | NA |
| Budget | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA |
| Capital | name: The Settlement
geographic coordinates: 18 44 N, 64 19 W time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Climate | tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season (December to April) |
| Coastline | 138.9 km |
| Constitution | Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
| Death rate | NA |
| Dependency status | non-self governing territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in the near future. |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
| Environment - current issues | loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ (2004) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean |
| Imports | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia (2004) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| International organization participation | none |
| Irrigated land | NA |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | NA |
| Land boundaries | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005) |
| Languages | English (official), Chinese, Malay |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | NA |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia |
| Map references | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| National holiday | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) |
| Nationality | noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | phosphate, beaches |
| Net migration rate | NA |
| Political parties and leaders | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none |
| Population | 1,493 (July 2006 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0% (2006 est.) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006) |
| Religions | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) |
| Sex ratio | NA |
| Telephone system | general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - one INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 0; note - TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia (2006) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | NA |
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